An end product of purine metabolism
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Labeled Version(s)
44020Uric Acid-13C,15N3
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Uric Acid (sodium salt)

Item No. 16219

Product Insert (PDF)Safety Data Sheet (SDS) (PDF)
Technical Information
Formal Name
7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione, monosodium salt
CAS Number
1198-77-2
Molecular Formula
C5H3N4O3 • Na
Formula Weight
190.1
Formulation (Request formulation change)
A crystalline solid
Solubility(Learn about Variance in Solubility)
1 M NaOH: 25 mg/ml
SMILES
O=C(N1)NC2=C1C([O-])=NC(N2)=O.[Na+]
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C5H4N4O3.Na/c10-3-1-2(7-4(11)6-1)8-5(12)9-3;/h(H4,6,7,8,9,10,11,12);/q;+1/p-1
InChi Key
NAFSTSRULRIERK-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Shipping & Storage Information
Storage
-20°C
Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere
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    2 mg

    $95

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    Product Description

    Uric acid is a ubiquitous end product of purine metabolism in humans that is mainly excreted in urine, whereas in other mammals it is further metabolized to allantoin by uricase.1 The final two steps in its production are catalyzed by xanthine oxidase, which generates superoxide.2 Uric acid acts as a potent peroxynitrite scavenger and antioxidant.1,2,3 However, high levels of serum uric acid (>120 µg/ml), termed hyperuricemia, are associated with gout, kidney stones, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, renal disease, and cardiovascular disease.1,4,5,6,7 Uric acid, in its soluble form, increases IL-1β levels in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) in a manner dependent on NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88).8 It also increases proteinuria and induces renal collagen deposition in a mouse model of obstructive nephropathy, effects that can be reduced by allopurinol (Item No. 10012597).

    WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

    References & Product Citations
    Product Description References

    1. Alvarez-Lario, B., and Macarrón-Vicente, J. Is there anything good in uric acid? QJM 104(12), 1015-1024 (2011).

    2. Glantzounis, G.K., Tsimoyiannis, E.C., Kappas, A.M., et al. Uric acid and oxidative stress. Curr. Pharm. Des. 11(32), 4145-4151 (2005).

    3. Hooper, D.C., Spitsin, S., Kean, R.B., et al. Uric acid, a natural scavenger of peroxynitrite, in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 675-680 (1998).

    4. Watanabe, S., Kang, D.H., Feng, L., et al. Uric acid, hominoid evolution, and the pathogenesis of salt-sensitivity. Hypertension 40(3), 355-360 (2002).

    5. Dehghan, A., van Hoek, M., Sijbrands, E.J.G., et al. High serum uric acid as a novel risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 31(2), 361-362 (2008).

    6. Heinig, M., and Johnson, R.J. Role of uric acid in hypertension, renal disease, and metabolic syndrome. Cleve. Clin. J. Med. 73(12), 1059-1064 (2006).

    7. Nakagawa, T., Hu, H., Zharikov, S., et al. A causal role for uric acid in fructose-induced metabolic syndrome. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 290(3), F625-F631 (2006).

    8. Braga, T.T., Forni, M.F., Correa-Costa, M., et al. Soluble uric acid activates the NLRP3 inflammasome. Sci. Rep. 7, 39884 (2017).