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Kaempferol 3-O-galactoside is a flavonoid that has been found in C. vulgaris and has diverse biological activities, including anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties.1,2,3 It inhibits secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) with an IC50 value of 17.6 µM.1 Kaempferol 3-O-galactoside (12.5, 25, and 50 µM) decreases protein levels of Akt and induces apoptosis in NCI H460 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells.2 It scavenges DPPH (Item No. 14805) radicals and superoxide anions in cell-free assays when used at a concentration of 200 µg/ml.3 Kaempferol 3-O-galactoside reduces ear and paw edema induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA; Item No. 10008014) and carrageenan, respectively, in mice when administered at a dose of 150 mg/kg.1
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1. Effects of flavonoids on Naja naja and human recombinant synovial phospholipases A2 and inflammatory responses in mice. Life Sci. 54(20), PL333-PL338 (1994).
2. Trifolin induces apoptosis via extrinsic and intrinsic pathways in the NCI-
3. Assessment of antiradical potential of Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull and its major flavonoid. J. Sci. Fd. Agric. 89(5), 809-814 (2009).