Host: E. coli • AA: 2-432 (full length) • Tag: C-terminal His • MW: 51.9 kDa
Technical Support & Resources

Visit our FAQ

Contact Us

Toll Free Phone (USA and Canada Only): (888) 526-5351
Direct Phone: (734) 975-3888

Request Technical Support

Technical Support Request

To streamline the process attach the appropriate questionnaire to your inquiry.

Download IHC QuestionnaireDownload WB Questionnaire

View Our Privacy Statement for details on how we use and protect your data. In addition, this site is protected by hCaptcha and its Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.

Citrullinated GFAP (human, recombinant)

Item No. 28622

Product Insert (PDF)Safety Data Sheet (SDS) (PDF)
Technical Information
Synonyms
  • ALXDRD
  • Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Intermediate Filament Protein
Purity
≥85% estimated by SDS-PAGE
Source
Recombinant N-terminal histidine-tagged GFAP expressed in E. coli, citrullinated with recombinant human PAD2
Amino Acids
2-432
MW
51.9 kDa
Formulation (Request formulation change)
10 mM Tris, pH 7.4
UniProt Accession №
P14136
Shipping & Storage Information
Storage
-80°C
Shipping
Dry ice in continental US; may vary elsewhere
Recommended Products

Certificates of Analysis & Batch Specific Data

Provide batch numbers separated by commas to download or request available product inserts, QC sheets, certificates of analysis, data packs, and GC-MS data.

Download most recent Certificate of Analysis for this product

    100 µg

    $600

    Add
    Product Description

    Citrullinated glial fibrillary acidic protein (citGFAP) is a citrullinated form of GFAP (Item No. 27353), a class III intermediate filament (IF) protein that is expressed in mature astrocytes and contributes to cytoskeletal structure and strength.1 GFAP can be citrullinated in a calcium-dependent manner on the arginine residue at position 270 (R270) and at R416 by protein arginine deiminase 1 (PAD1; Item No. 10784) and PAD2 (Item No. 10785).2 citGFAP levels are increased by the calcium ionophore ionomycin (Item No. 10004974) in an in vitro model of traumatic brain injury (TBI) using NHA CC-2565 human astrocytes and are induced by controlled cortical impact in the cerebral cortex in a rat model of TBI.3 It has been found in the hippocampus in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease induced by amyloid-β (25-35), as well as in the retina in a mouse model of alkali-induced eye injury.4,5 citGFAP has also been found in postmortem hippocampus from patients with Alzheimer's disease, and citGFAP levels are increased in postmortem-derived brain lesions from patients with multiple sclerosis.2,6 Cayman's Citrullinated GFAP protein can be used for Western blot and ELISA applications.

    WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

    References & Product Citations
    Product Description References

    1. Hol, E.M., and Capetanaki, Y. Type III intermediate filaments desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), vimentin, and peripherin. Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol. 9(12), a021642 (2017).

    2. Ishigami, A., Masutomi, H., Handa, S., et al. Mass spectrometric identification of citrullination sites and immunohistochemical detection of citrullinated glial fibrillary acidic protein in Alzheimer’s disease brains. J. Neurosci. Res. 93(11), 1664-1674 (2015).

    3. Lazarus, R.C., Buonora, J.E., Flora, M.N., et al. Protein citrullination: A proposed mechanism for pathology in traumatic brain injury. Front. Neurol. 6:204, (2015).

    4. Arif, M., and Kato, T. Increased expression of PAD2 after repeated intracerebroventricular infusions of soluble Aβ25-35 in the Alzheimer’s disease model rat brain: Effect of memantine. Cell. Mol. Biol. Lett. 14(4), 703-714 (2009).

    5. Wizeman, J.W., Nicholas, A.P., Ishigami, A., et al. Citrullination of glial intermediate filaments is an early response in retinal injury. Mol. Vis. 22, 1137-1155 (2016).

    6. Bradford, C.M., Ramos, I., Cross, A.K., et al. Localisation of citrullinated proteins in normal appearing white matter and lesions in the central nervous system in multiple sclerosis. J. Neuroimmunol. 273(1-2), 85-95 (2014).